ज्ञानविज्ञानयोग

श्रीभगवानुवाच मय्यासक्तमनाः पार्थ योगं युञ्जन्मदाश्रयः । असंशयं समग्रं मां यथा ज्ञास्यसि तच्छृणु ॥

śrī bhagavān uvāca mayyāsaktamanāḥ pārtha yogaṃ yuñjanmadāśrayaḥ | asaṃśayaṃ samagraṃ māṃ yathā jñāsyasi tacchṛṇu ||

The Blessed Lord said: With mind attached to Me, O Partha, practicing yoga and taking refuge in Me — without doubt, how you shall know Me fully — hear that.

ज्ञानं तेऽहं सविज्ञानमिदं वक्ष्याम्यशेषतः । यज्ज्ञात्वा नेह भूयोऽन्यज्ज्ञातव्यमवशिष्यते ॥

jñānaṃ te'haṃ savijñānamidaṃ vakṣyāmyaśeṣataḥ | yajjñātvā neha bhūyo'nyajjñātavyamavaśiṣyate ||

I shall teach you completely this knowledge along with realization — knowing which, nothing further remains to be known in this world.

मनुष्याणां सहस्रेषु कश्चिद्यतति सिद्धये । यततामपि सिद्धानां कश्चिन्मां वेत्ति तत्त्वतः ॥

manuṣyāṇāṃ sahasreṣu kaścidyatati siddhaye | yatatāmapi siddhānāṃ kaścinnāṃ vetti tattvataḥ ||

Among thousands of human beings, perhaps one strives for perfection; among those who strive and succeed, perhaps one knows Me in truth.

भूमिरापोऽनलो वायुः खं मनो बुद्धिरेव च । अहङ्कार इतीयं मे भिन्ना प्रकृतिरष्टधा ॥

bhūmirāpo'nalo vāyuḥ khaṃ mano buddhireva ca | ahaṅkāra itīyaṃ me bhinnā prakṛtiraṣṭadhā ||

Earth, water, fire, air, space, mind, intellect, and ego-sense — these are My eightfold divided lower nature (prakriti).

अपरेयमितस्त्वन्यां प्रकृतिं विद्धि मे पराम् । जीवभूतां महाबाहो ययेदं धार्यते जगत् ॥

apareyamitastvanyāṃ prakṛtiṃ viddhi me parām | jīvabhūtāṃ mahābāho yayedaṃ dhāryate jagat ||

This is the lower (nature). But know My other higher nature, O mighty-armed one — the life-principle by which this world is upheld.

एतद्योनीनि भूतानि सर्वाणीत्युपधारय । अहं कृत्स्नस्य जगतः प्रभवः प्रलयस्तथा ॥

etadyonīni bhūtāni sarvāṇītyupadhāraya | ahaṃ kṛtsnasya jagataḥ prabhavaḥ pralayastathā ||

Know that all beings have their source in these two natures. I am the origin and the dissolution of the entire universe.

मत्तः परतरं नान्यत्किञ्चिदस्ति धनञ्जय । मयि सर्वमिदं प्रोतं सूत्रे मणिगणा इव ॥

mattaḥ parataraṃ nānyatkiñcidasti dhanañjaya | mayi sarvamidaṃ protaṃ sūtre maṇigaṇā iva ||

There is nothing whatsoever higher than Me, O Dhananjaya. All this is strung on Me as jewels on a string.

रसोऽहमप्सु कौन्तेय प्रभास्मि शशिसूर्ययोः । प्रणवः सर्ववेदेषु शब्दः खे पौरुषं नृषु ॥

raso'hamapsu kaunteya prabhāsmi śaśisūryayoḥ | praṇavaḥ sarvavedeṣu śabdaḥ khe pauruṣaṃ nṛṣu ||

I am the taste of water, O son of Kunti; I am the light in the moon and sun; I am the sacred syllable Om in all the Vedas; I am the sound in ether and manhood in men.

पुण्यो गन्धः पृथिव्यां च तेजश्चास्मि विभावसौ । जीवनं सर्वभूतेषु तपश्चास्मि तपस्विषु ॥

puṇyo gandhaḥ pṛthivyāṃ ca tejaścāsmi vibhāvasau | jīvanaṃ sarvabhūteṣu tapaścāsmi tapasviṣu ||

I am the sacred fragrance of the earth and I am the brilliance in fire; I am the life in all beings and I am the austerity of the ascetics.

बीजं मां सर्वभूतानां विद्धि पार्थ सनातनम् । बुद्धिर्बुद्धिमतामस्मि तेजस्तेजस्विनामहम् ॥

bījaṃ māṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ viddhi pārtha sanātanam | buddhirbuddhimatāmasmi tejastejasvinām aham ||

Know Me, O Partha, as the eternal seed of all beings. I am the intelligence of the intelligent; I am the brilliance of the brilliant.

बलं बलवतां चाहं कामरागविवर्जितम् । धर्माविरुद्धो भूतेषु कामोऽस्मि भरतर्षभ ॥

balaṃ balavatāṃ cāhaṃ kāmarāgavivarjitam | dharmāviruddho bhūteṣu kāmo'smi bharatarṣabha ||

I am the strength of the strong, devoid of desire and passion. I am the desire in beings that does not conflict with righteousness, O best of the Bharatas.

ये चैव सात्त्विका भावा राजसास्तामसाश्च ये । मत्त एवेति तान्विद्धि न त्वहं तेषु ते मयि ॥

ye caiva sāttvikā bhāvā rājasāstāmasāśca ye | matta eveti tānviddhi na tvahaṃ teṣu te mayi ||

Whatever states of being there are — sattvic, rajasic, and tamasic — know that they all arise from Me. But I am not in them; they are in Me.

त्रिभिर्गुणमयैर्भावैरेभिः सर्वमिदं जगत् । मोहितं नाभिजानाति मामेभ्यः परमव्ययम् ॥

tribhirguṇamayairbhāvairebhiḥ sarvamidaṃ jagat | mohitaṃ nābhijānāti māmebhyaḥ paramavyayam ||

Deluded by these three states made of the gunas, this entire world does not know Me — who am beyond them and imperishable.

दैवी ह्येषा गुणमयी मम माया दुरत्यया । मामेव ये प्रपद्यन्ते मायामेतां तरन्ति ते ॥

daivī hyeṣā guṇamayī mama māyā duratyayā | māmeva ye prapadyante māyāmetāṃ taranti te ||

For this My divine maya — made of the gunas — is difficult to transcend. Those who surrender to Me alone — they cross beyond this maya.

न मां दुष्कृतिनो मूढाः प्रपद्यन्ते नराधमाः । मायया अपहृतज्ञाना आसुरं भावमाश्रिताः ॥

na māṃ duṣkṛtino mūḍhāḥ prapadyante narādhamāḥ | māyayā apahṛtajñānā āsuraṃ bhāvamāśritāḥ ||

The evil-doers, the foolish, the lowest of men — whose knowledge has been taken away by maya and who partake of a demonic nature — do not surrender to Me.

चतुर्विधा भजन्ते मां जनाः सुकृतिनोऽर्जुन । आर्तो जिज्ञासुरर्थार्थी ज्ञानी च भरतर्षभ ॥

caturvidhā bhajante māṃ janāḥ sukṛtino'rjuna | ārto jijñāsurarthārthī jñānī ca bharatarṣabha ||

Four kinds of virtuous people worship Me, O Arjuna: the distressed, the seeker of knowledge, the seeker of wealth, and the wise, O best of the Bharatas.

तेषां ज्ञानी नित्ययुक्त एकभक्तिर्विशिष्यते । प्रियो हि ज्ञानिनोऽत्यर्थमहं स च मम प्रियः ॥

teṣāṃ jñānī nityayukta ekabhaktivirśiṣyate | priyo hi jñānino'tyarthamahaṃ sa ca mama priyaḥ ||

Of these, the wise one — ever steadfast, with one-pointed devotion — excels. I am exceedingly dear to the wise, and the wise is dear to Me.

उदाराः सर्व एवैते ज्ञानी त्वात्मैव मे मतम् । आस्थितः स हि युक्तात्मा मामेवानुत्तमां गतिम् ॥

udārāḥ sarva evaite jñānī tvātmaiva me matam | āsthitaḥ sa hi yuktātmā māmevānuttamāṃ gatim ||

All these are indeed noble, but the wise one I consider as My very Self. With self united in yoga, such a one is established in Me alone as the supreme goal.

बहूनां जन्मनामन्ते ज्ञानवान्मां प्रपद्यते । वासुदेवः सर्वमिति स महात्मा सुदुर्लभः ॥

bahūnāṃ janmanāmante jñānavānmāṃ prapadyate | vāsudevaḥ sarvamiti sa mahātmā sudurlabhaḥ ||

At the end of many births, the man of wisdom surrenders to Me, knowing that Vasudeva is all. Such a great soul is very rare.

कामैस्तैस्तैर्हृतज्ञाना यजन्ते अन्यदेवताः । तं तं नियममास्थाय प्रकृत्या नियताः स्वया ॥

kāmaistaistaihṛtajñānā yajante anyadevataḥ | taṃ taṃ niyamāmāsthāya prakṛtyā niyatāḥ svayā ||

Those whose knowledge has been taken away by various desires worship other divinities, following this or that rule, constrained by their own nature.

यो यो यां यां तनुं भक्तः श्रद्धयार्चितुमिच्छति । तस्य तस्याचलां श्रद्धां तामेव विदधाम्यहम् ॥

yo yo yāṃ yāṃ tanuṃ bhaktaḥ śraddhayārcitumicchati | tasya tasyācalāṃ śraddhāṃ tāmeva vidadhāmyaham ||

Whatever form any devotee with faith wishes to worship — to that devotee's faith in that form, I make it firm.

स तया श्रद्धया युक्तस्तस्याराधनमीहते । लभते च ततः कामान्मयैव विहितान्हि तान् ॥

sa tayā śraddhayā yuktas tasyārādhanamīhate | labhate ca tataḥ kāmānmayaiva vihitānhi tān ||

Endowed with that faith, one engages in the worship of that form. From that one obtains the desired results — which are actually ordained by Me alone.

अन्तवत्तु फलं तेषां तद्भवत्यल्पमेधसाम् । देवान्देवयजो यान्ति मद्भक्ता यान्ति मामपि ॥

antavattu phalaṃ teṣāṃ tadbhavatyalpamedhāsam | devādevayadevayajo yānti madbhaktā yānti māmapi ||

But the fruit of those with small intelligence is finite. The worshippers of the gods go to the gods; My devotees come to Me.

अव्यक्तं व्यक्तिमापन्नं मन्यन्ते मामबुद्धयः । परं भावमजानन्तो ममाव्ययमनुत्तमम् ॥

avyaktaṃ vyaktimāpannaṃ manyante māmabuddhayaḥ | paraṃ bhāvamajānanto mamāvyayamanuttamam ||

The foolish think of Me as unmanifest that has come into manifestation — they do not know My supreme nature, which is imperishable and unsurpassable.

नाहं प्रकाशः सर्वस्य योगमायासमावृतः । मूढोऽयं नाभिजानाति लोको मामजमव्ययम् ॥

nāhaṃ prakāśaḥ sarvasya yogamāyāsamāvṛtaḥ | mūḍho'yaṃ nābhijānāti loko māmajamavyayam ||

Veiled by my yoga-maya, I am not manifest to all. This deluded world does not know Me — the unborn and imperishable.

वेदाहं समतीतानि वर्तमानानि चार्जुन । भविष्याणि च भूतानि मां तु वेद न कश्चन ॥

vedāhaṃ samatītāni vartamānāni cārjuna | bhaviṣyāṇi ca bhūtāni māṃ tu veda na kaścana ||

I know the beings of the past, the present, and the future, O Arjuna. But no one knows Me.

इच्छाद्वेषसमुत्थेन द्वन्द्वमोहेन भारत । सर्वभूतानि सम्मोहं सर्गे यान्ति परन्तप ॥

icchādveṣasamutthena dvandvamohena bhārata | sarvabhūtāni sammohaṃ sarge yānti parantapa ||

All beings at birth fall into delusion, O Bharata, arising from the pairs of opposites born of desire and aversion, O scorcher of foes.

येषां त्वन्तगतं पापं जनानां पुण्यकर्मणाम् । ते द्वन्द्वमोहनिर्मुक्ता भजन्ते मां दृढव्रताः ॥

yeṣāṃ tvantagataṃ pāpaṃ janānāṃ puṇyakarmaṇām | te dvandvamohānirmuktā bhajante māṃ dṛḍhavratāḥ ||

But those persons of virtuous deeds whose sins have come to an end — freed from the delusion of pairs of opposites — worship Me with firm resolve.

जरामरणमोक्षाय मामाश्रित्य यतन्ति ये । ते ब्रह्म तद्विदुः कृत्स्नमध्यात्मं कर्म चाखिलम् ॥

jarāmaraṇamokṣāya māmāśritya yatanti ye | te brahma tadviduḥ kṛtsnamadhyātmaṃ karma cākhilam ||

Those who strive for liberation from old age and death, taking refuge in Me — they know Brahman completely, the entire adhyatma (spiritual knowledge), and all karma.

साधिभूताधिदैवं मां साधियज्ञं च ये विदुः । प्रयाणकालेऽपि च मां ते विदुर्युक्तचेतसः ॥

sādhibhūtādhidaivaṃ māṃ sādhiyajñaṃ ca ye viduḥ | prayāṇakāle'pi ca māṃ te viduryuktacetasaḥ ||

Those who know Me as governing the physical realm (adhibhuta), the divine realm (adhidaiva), and sacrifice (adhiyajna) — with united minds, they know Me even at the time of departure (death).