अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् | विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम् ||
adhiṣṭhānaṁ tathā kartā karaṇaṁ ca pṛthag-vidham vividhāś ca pṛthak ceṣṭā daivaṁ caivātra pañcamam
Translation
The seat of action (body), the agent, the various instruments, the many kinds of efforts, and the Divine — these are the five factors.
Interpretation
The five causes of all action: (1) Adhisthana — the body/seat, the physical instrument through which action occurs; (2) Karta — the individual ego-agent who initiates; (3) Karana — the various instruments (senses, limbs, mind); (4) Cheshta — the multiple kinds of effort and vital force; and (5) Daiva — the Divine, destiny, grace, the mysterious 'X factor' that determines whether an action succeeds. No single factor alone produces any result. The ego-agent is only one of five necessary contributors — recognizing this dissolves the conceit of sole doership.